Multi-Digit Whole
Number Operations

Grade 5Number Operations

Practice multiplying multi-digit numbers and dividing by two-digit divisors using standard methods.

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1Multiply by a 1-digit number

Use the standard algorithm. Start by multiplying the ones, then the tens, hundreds, and thousands.

Example:
3,472
× 4
13,888

4 × 2 = 8 (ones)

4 × 7 = 28 (tens)

4 × 4 = 16 (hundreds)

4 × 3 = 12 (thousands)

2Multiply larger numbers

Use the standard algorithm. Multiply by each digit of the 2-digit number, then add the partial products.

Example:
246
× 35
1,230
+ 7,380
8,610

246 × 5 = 1,230
246 × 30 = 7,380

  1. Multiply by 5:
    246 × 5 = 1,230
  2. Multiply by 30:
    246 × 30 = 7,380
  3. Add the partial products:
    1,230 + 7,380 = 8,610

3Divide by a 2-digit divisor

Use long division. Divide, multiply, subtract, and bring down the next digit.

Example:

576 ÷ 24 = 24

24
24576
−48
96−96
0
  1. 24 goes into 57 two times (2).
    2 × 24 = 48
    57 − 48 = 9
  2. Bring down the 6.
    24 goes into 96 four times (4).
    4 × 24 = 96
    96 − 96 = 0

4Check your work

You can check your answer using inverse operations or estimation.

For multiplication:

Use the inverse operation (division).

Example: Check 246 × 35 = 8,610 by dividing 8,610 ÷ 35.

8,610 ÷ 35 = 246 ✓

For division:

Use the inverse operation (multiplication).

Example: Check 576 ÷ 24 = 24 by multiplying 24 × 24.

24 × 24 = 576 ✓

You can also estimate to see if your answer is reasonable.

💡 Try it yourself!

What is 1,248 ÷ 24? Question 1 of 10